MODERN POLITICAL PROCESSES AND MECHANISMS FOR ENSURING GEO-ECOLOGICAL SECURITY THE NORTHERN CASPIAN REGION (THE CASE OF THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION)

Abstract

The article examines the complex of issues of geo-ecological safety of the Northern Caspian Sea as the most important ecological zone of the Caspian Sea. This sector is under the jurisdiction of the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation, has a commonality of political, socio-economic and environmental problems that determine the unity of vision of the diversity of interrelated components of the environment. The increasing activity of the countries of the Caspian region associated with the development of natural resource and transport and communication potentials is accompanied by an increase in environmental imbalance. The preservation of the integrity of the ecological system of the Caspian Sea is possible through the formation of a single economic space. Modern approaches are presented on the basis of the application of comparative, structural and functional research methods, as well as the development of political and environmental mechanisms for the study of the most important factors and conditions according to the criteria of the community of homogeneous components of the natural environment and resource base, political and other conditions. The software management of these processes is predicted by the author both on an interstate basis and at the national level. As a result of the analysis, the political mechanism for ensuring the geo-ecological security of the Northern Caspian region is considered, which is characterized by a set of regional features, the main of which is the recognition of the unity of the ecological system of the Caspian Sea.